Circuits

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===**Area of Interaction: Environments ** === ===**Significant Concepts: Basic circuits ** === ===**Unit Question: How have circuits impacted our environments? ** ===

INVESTIGATE: Define the following:  Voltage: The rate at which energy is drawn from a source that produces a flow of electricity in a circuit; expressed in volts

 Current: A flow of electricity through a conductor; "the current was measured in amperes

 Resistance: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the passage of a steady electric current.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px;"> Circuit: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">An electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px;"> Transistors: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">A semiconductor device capable of amplification

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 25px;">LEDs: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and are increasingly used for lighting

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Capacitor: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">A <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">device for <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">accumulating and holding a charge of __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">electricity __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">,<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">consisting of two equally charged conducting <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">surfaces having <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">opposite  signs and separated by a dielectric.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Resistor: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">A <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">device designed to introduce <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">__<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">resistance __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;"> into an electric circuit

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Switch: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">A device for turning on or off <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">or directing an <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">electric current or for making or breaking a circuit

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Digital Electronics: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">Are electronics systems that use digital signals. Digital electronics are representations of Boolean algebra and are used in computers, mobile phones, and other consumer products

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Integrated Circuit: <span style="color: #404040; font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: normal;">Are single, integrated components containing a large number of discreet components, such as transistors and other semiconductor devices, as well as the layering which interconnect all of the semiconductor devices

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">Binary Code: <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">a system of representing <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">letters, __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">numbers __<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">, <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">or other characters, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; cursor: default; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.25em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: static;">using binary notation (0,1)

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">How have circuits impacted our environment? <span style="color: #404040; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">﻿Circuits have made our modern society possible. They have allowed use light for night and indoor uses, all types of electric transportation and communication technology, and medical research and treatment.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 1. Using one battery, make the light bulb work. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 9 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: .9

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 2. Light two light bulbs with one battery. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 4.5 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: .45

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 3. Using a switch to light one light bulb. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 9 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: .9

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 4. Use a capacitor with your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 0 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: 0

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 5. Use an inductor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 9 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps .9

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 6. Use an AC Voltage in your circuit. What happens to the current? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: -2 - 18 They fluctuate <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: 0 - 1.8

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 7. Which items in the grab bag complete the circuit? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Dollar Bill - no <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Paper clip - yes (9V, .9A) <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> c. Penny - yes <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> d. Eraser - no <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> e. Pencil lead - no <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> f. Hand - no <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> g. Dog - no

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 8. Use a resistor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 4.5 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: .45

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 9. Add two batteries to light one light bulb. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: -.77 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: 11032.23

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 10. Add three batteries to the circuit. Right click on one of the batteries <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> and change the voltage to 100%. What happens to your batteries? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 300 They catch fire... <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: 30

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 11. Make your own circuit <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> a. Volts: 154.27 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> b. Amps: 15.43 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> c. Explain what happened with your circuit: I had 5 batteries and two light-bulbs. They all caught fire and one of the bulbs broke. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> d. Describe/draw your circuit below:

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> L--B--L <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> l l <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> BBBB

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 19px;"> EVALUATE

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> Answer the Following Questions After You Complete Your Circuit: <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 1. Did you like making the circuit? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">I liked making the circuit, and thought that it was very cool. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 2. What did you like the least about making the circuit? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">I did not like how after we built the circuit, the wires broke off, though that may have been my fault. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 3. What did you like the best about making the circuit? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">I loved learning how to use the solder gun and also how the whole circuit looked at the end. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 4. Using complete sentences, explain how circuits can be applied in the real world. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">Circuits can be applied to anything electric. They provide electricity, and also ways to control and amplify it. Everything from computers to cars to airplanes to microwaves all use circuits to function. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 5. Were you careful with the circuit, solder, and soldering iron? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">Yes, we were VERY cautious when using the tools as we did not want to burn ourselves. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 6. Were you respectful and nice to other students? <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;">Yes, I was respectful; I warned people when they were going to trip over a wire and things like that. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 7. Did you take a picture of both your circuits and add them to this wiki page? <span style="color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">nope.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 19px;"> ATTITUDE <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 1. Did you have a good attitude answering the questions? Explain:Yes, I tried to be professional. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 2. Did you have a good attitude making the circuits? Explain: Yes, it was fun and I did not want to be disrespectful to my fellow classmates. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px;"> 3. Were you a whiny baby during the circuit unit? Explain: No, we solved all our problems be asking each other or a friend.